Article:
Full text free: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322861119;
ISSN 1070-3632, Russian Journal of General Chemistry, 2017, Vol. 87, No. 13, pp. 3190–3198.
© Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2017.
Original Russian Text © S.A. Ostroumov, 2017, published in Ekologicheskaya Khimiya, 2017, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp. 165–174.
New Aspects of the Role of Organisms and Detritus
in the Detoxification System of the Biosphere;
https://5bio5.blogspot.com/2018/02/article.html
S. A. Ostroumov;
Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia;
Received September 25, 2016;
Abstract—
The review covers new aspects of the participation of organisms in the detoxification system of the
biosphere. Problems of detoxification of toxic environmental pollutants are analyzed. New author’s
experimental data in combination with a large amount of information in the scientific literature gave rise to a new concept of the role of biogenic detritus and related nutrients in environmental detoxification (ex-living matter concept). This may be useful for the development of new technologies for remediation and decontamination of the environment.
Keywords: biosphere, detoxification, pollution control, toxic chemical elements, immobilization, sorption,
biogenic detritus, ex-living matter;
INTRODUCTION.
Study of the problem of detoxification of harmful
substances in the biosphere is closely related to several
areas of environmental chemistry. Many authors studied
problems of migration and cycling of chemical elements
in the biosphere [1–3], elemental composition of
environmental objects [2–22] and other aspects of
biosphere chemistry [18–49], and the role of organisms
in the formation of certain chemical parameters of the
habitat [5–7, 15–17, 50–79]. Studies of the chemical–
biotic interactions [11, 12, 14–22, 25–47, 55, 67, 72–
75, 78–80] and accumulation of a large amount of
information on the geochemical environment (see, e.g.,
[14–17, 21, 23, 47, 55, 73, 75, 80]) have revealed some
unresolved issues, which leads to the need to reexamine
the question of how organisms are involved in
the transformation and detoxification of habitats.
It is interesting to analyze how toxic chemical
elements are neutralized in the biosphere during
natural ecological and biogeochemical processes. New
important relevant data are actively accumulating in
experimental studies conducted in the laboratory of
biogeochemistry of the environment of the Vernadsky
Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry of
the Russian Academy of Sciences [15, 16], as well as
in many laboratories of the world [81, 82].
V.I. Vernadsky emphasized the importance of
studying migration of chemical elements in the
biosphere and relations between the activity of living
matter and the physicochemical characteristics of the
biosphere [5–7, 74], as well as the importance of
various ways of the influence of living matter on the
environment. Data on the chemistry of the biosphere
[3, 4, 15–17], geochemical environment, and factors
affecting the concentrations of chemical chemical
elements [3, 4, 15–22, 25–47, 55, 67, 72–74], migration
of elements and biogeochemical flows in the biosphere
[67, 22, 28, 30], and self-purification of the environment
from chemical pollutants [28, 63–69] rapidly accumulate.
The new data require additional analysis, so that it is
necessary to formulate appropriate generalizations.
The objective of this analysis is to consider the role
of organisms and substances derived therefrom
(biogenic detritus and other detritus-like substances) in
the detoxification system of the biosphere with account
taken of our data.
It is necessary to distinguish two aspects of the
problem under study:
(1) The role of living organisms during their vital
activity;
(2) The role of biogenic detritus and related
substances of biological origin which were referred to
...
DOI: 10.1134/S1070363217130138
Full text free: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322861119;
ISSN 1070-3632, Russian Journal of General Chemistry, 2017, Vol. 87, No. 13, pp. 3190–3198.
© Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2017.
Original Russian Text © S.A. Ostroumov, 2017, published in Ekologicheskaya Khimiya, 2017, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp. 165–174.
New Aspects of the Role of Organisms and Detritus
in the Detoxification System of the Biosphere;
https://5bio5.blogspot.com/2018/02/article.html
S. A. Ostroumov;
Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia;
Received September 25, 2016;
Abstract—
The review covers new aspects of the participation of organisms in the detoxification system of the
biosphere. Problems of detoxification of toxic environmental pollutants are analyzed. New author’s
experimental data in combination with a large amount of information in the scientific literature gave rise to a new concept of the role of biogenic detritus and related nutrients in environmental detoxification (ex-living matter concept). This may be useful for the development of new technologies for remediation and decontamination of the environment.
Keywords: biosphere, detoxification, pollution control, toxic chemical elements, immobilization, sorption,
biogenic detritus, ex-living matter;
INTRODUCTION.
Study of the problem of detoxification of harmful
substances in the biosphere is closely related to several
areas of environmental chemistry. Many authors studied
problems of migration and cycling of chemical elements
in the biosphere [1–3], elemental composition of
environmental objects [2–22] and other aspects of
biosphere chemistry [18–49], and the role of organisms
in the formation of certain chemical parameters of the
habitat [5–7, 15–17, 50–79]. Studies of the chemical–
biotic interactions [11, 12, 14–22, 25–47, 55, 67, 72–
75, 78–80] and accumulation of a large amount of
information on the geochemical environment (see, e.g.,
[14–17, 21, 23, 47, 55, 73, 75, 80]) have revealed some
unresolved issues, which leads to the need to reexamine
the question of how organisms are involved in
the transformation and detoxification of habitats.
It is interesting to analyze how toxic chemical
elements are neutralized in the biosphere during
natural ecological and biogeochemical processes. New
important relevant data are actively accumulating in
experimental studies conducted in the laboratory of
biogeochemistry of the environment of the Vernadsky
Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry of
the Russian Academy of Sciences [15, 16], as well as
in many laboratories of the world [81, 82].
V.I. Vernadsky emphasized the importance of
studying migration of chemical elements in the
biosphere and relations between the activity of living
matter and the physicochemical characteristics of the
biosphere [5–7, 74], as well as the importance of
various ways of the influence of living matter on the
environment. Data on the chemistry of the biosphere
[3, 4, 15–17], geochemical environment, and factors
affecting the concentrations of chemical chemical
elements [3, 4, 15–22, 25–47, 55, 67, 72–74], migration
of elements and biogeochemical flows in the biosphere
[67, 22, 28, 30], and self-purification of the environment
from chemical pollutants [28, 63–69] rapidly accumulate.
The new data require additional analysis, so that it is
necessary to formulate appropriate generalizations.
The objective of this analysis is to consider the role
of organisms and substances derived therefrom
(biogenic detritus and other detritus-like substances) in
the detoxification system of the biosphere with account
taken of our data.
It is necessary to distinguish two aspects of the
problem under study:
(1) The role of living organisms during their vital
activity;
(2) The role of biogenic detritus and related
substances of biological origin which were referred to
...
DOI: 10.1134/S1070363217130138
