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On Some Issues of Maintaining Water Quality and Self-Purification
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Thanks for your attention to maintaining processes of self-water purification, it is very important for biology of plants and animals living near or in the bad conditions of water quality.
On the paper:
On Some Issues of Maintaining Water Quality and Self-Purification
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/215586879
http://5bio5.blogspot.com/2016/10/feedback-added-thanks-for-your.html
Abstract
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/215586879;
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/215586879_On_some_issues_of_maintaining_water_quality_;
DOI 10.1007/s11268-005-0039-7.
107 DOWNLOADS, 502 VIEWS of this article by 11.09.2015;
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https://www.researchgate.net/publication/215586879_On_some_issues_of_maintaining_water_quality_;
DOI 10.1007/s11268-005-0039-7.
107 DOWNLOADS, 502 VIEWS of this article by 11.09.2015;
3 bookmarks, 88 downloads, 359 views of this paper by 21.04.2015;
A review of this paper (favorable) was published at the web-site of World Catalog, this paper was rated as excellent:…
0097-8078/05/3203-
© 2005
MAIK “Nauka
/ Interperiodica”
0305
Water Resources, Vol. 32, No. 3, 2005, pp. 305–313. Translated from Vodnye Resursy, Vol. 32, No. 3, 2005, pp. 337–346.
Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Ostroumov.
INTRODUCTION
The role of self-purification increases due to the dete-
rioration of natural water quality [5, 13, 29] and
increased anthropogenic load on water bodies and
streams [4, 9, 13, 21, 22, 26, 29]. The self-purification of
aquatic ecosystems and water quality formation is con-
trolled by many [1–3, 6–13, 15–19, 21, 22, 24, 33, 35].
The objective of this study is to systematize the
knowledge about the polyfunctional role of aquatic
biota (aquatic animals) in the self-purification of water
bodies and streams and briefly present the qualitative
theory of the self-purification mechanism of aquatic
ecosystems. The synthesis and structurization of mate-
rial was made at the conceptual level without detailed
reviews of works.
MAJOR PROCESSES CONTRIBUTING
TO WATER SELF-PURIFICATION
IN AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS
The formation of water quality and its purification in
aquatic ecosystems is governed by physical, chemical
[24], and biotic [1–3, 6–13, 15–19, 21, 22, 24, 33, 35]
processes (Table 1).
The physical and chemical processes of water self-
purification are often controlled by biological factors or
strongly dependent on them. Thus, the redox state of
the aquatic environment, which forms with the participa-
tion of
H
2
O
2
released by microalgae in the light [22, 24],
is of importance for a decrease in the toxic effect of
some pollutants. The amount of
H
2
O
2
released into the
aquatic environment was estimated at 10
–5
mol/(l day).
The concentration of
H
2
O
2
in the Volga was found to
equal up to
10
–6
–10
–5
mol/l, which was supported by
measurements made by E.V. Shtamm and other authors
[22, 24].
An important process is gravitational sedimentation
of suspended particles both of biotic and abiotic nature.
The sedimentation of phytoplankton sedimentation
depends on water temperature
T.
It is equal to 0.3–1.5,
0.4–1.7, and 0.4–2.0 m/day at
T
= 15, 20, and 25
°
C,
respectively. According to our data, the sedimentation
velocity of Lymnaea stagnalis pellets varies from 0.6 to
1.4 cm/s with a mean value of 0.82 cm/s (at
T
=
22–
24°ë
) [22].
Experiments with traps for suspended particles
showed that suspended matter precipitates onto the bed of
the Moskva River with a mean rate of 2.3 mg per 1 cm
2
of
the bed surface per day, that is, 23.1 g per 1 m
2
of the
bed surface per day; the proportion of C
org
in these sed-
iments is 64.5% [34].
Organic matter oxidation and water filtration by
aquatic animals are among the biotic processes contrib-
uting to water purification.
The overall oxidation of organic matter by the entire
community can be expressed either in absolute or in rel-
ative units, for example, as the ratio of energy expendi-
ture to the exchange (total respiration
R
) by aquatic ani-
mals to their total biomass
B
. This ratio
(
R
/
B
)
e
is
referred to as Schrodinger ratio. The subscript “e” is
introduced to show that the estimation is made for the
ecosystem as a whole. In the water bodies where pri-
mary production exceeds the total respiration of the
community, this ratio averages 2.99–6.1 [2], but it can
be even greater in some water bodies. For example, the
Schrodinger ratio is 17.0 in Lake Lyubevoe in Lenin-
grad province and 33.8 in Lake Zun-Torei east of Lake
Baikal [2]. It is believed that the primary production in
these lakes is much less than the total respiration and a
large amount of organic matter delivered from outside
is oxidized here.
Many aquatic animals contribute to organic matter
oxidation, but particular role in this oxidation belongs
to bacteria [19]. The total population of heterotrophic
bacterioplankton in the Mozhaisk Reservoir in June and
July amounted to (1.36–5.9)
×
10
9
(samples were taken
at a depth of 0.1–1 m), and the population of hydrocar-
bon-oxidizing bacteria was (0.4–5)
×
10
6
cell/ml [7].
The rate of water filtration by some aquatic animals
(sea squirts, barnacles, pearlweeds, echinoderms,
On Some Issues of Maintaining Water Quality
and Self-Purification
S. A. Ostroumov
Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119992 Russia
Received August, 4, 2003
Abstract
—Generalizations presented in this paper represent, in systematized form, the basic elements of the
qualitative theory of water self-purification in freshwater and marine ecosystems. Recommendations are given
for maintaining water quality and sustainable development of water resources. Results of experimental studies
of the effect exerted by Triton X-100 and OMO synthetic detergent on mollusks Unio tumidus.
WATER QUALITY AND PROTECTION:
ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS
- Citations20
- References32
- Comments14
- Related projects
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#Citation of this article in #Canada, #China. ... ... #Water #Quality : http://5bio5.blogspot.com/2015/09/citation-in-canada-china-inhibitory.html
Citation in Poland. Cited article: On Some Issues of Maintaining Water Quality and Self-Purification.
Cited by researchers ( Marta Gmurek) at:
Lodz University of Technology;
Łódź,…
Cited by researchers ( Marta Gmurek) at:
Lodz University of Technology;
Łódź,…
related publications:
Chapter: Suspension-Feeders as Factors Influencing Water Quality in Aquatic Ecosystems;
in the book: The Comparative Roles of Suspension-Feeders in Ecosystems.
09/2005: pages…
Chapter: Suspension-Feeders as Factors Influencing Water Quality in Aquatic Ecosystems;
in the book: The Comparative Roles of Suspension-Feeders in Ecosystems.
09/2005: pages…
Citation of
Article: On Some Issues of Maintaining Water Quality and Self-Purification. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/215586879
Cited in publications, U.S., China, India, Poland,…
Article: On Some Issues of Maintaining Water Quality and Self-Purification. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/215586879
Cited in publications, U.S., China, India, Poland,…
protection of environment 环境保护，
nature conservation 自然保护，
natural resources 自然资源，
water resources 水资源,
water quality 水质,
Bioresources 生物资源,
environmental education 环境教育,
pollution control…
nature conservation 自然保护，
natural resources 自然资源，
water resources 水资源,
water quality 水质,
Bioresources 生物资源,
environmental education 环境教育,
pollution control…
Citation in Poland. Polish scholars cited the Moscow researcher Sergei Ostroumov, Moscow State University. The cited paper: "On some issues of maintaining water quality and self-purification", DOI…
Thank for you attention to maintaining processes of self-water purification, it is very important for biology of plants as animal leaving near or into the bad conditions of water quality.
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Ecohydrology: Understanding and Maintaining Ecosystem Services for IWRM.
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