(en) Chile, Federacion Anarquista Local de Valdivia FALV -
Biography of Teresa Claramunt (ca) [machine translation]
Teresa Claramunt Creus was a memorable woman. Little is known about her life but all of it
was dedicated to fighting for the rights of workers and women. Their struggle influenced
both union activities and education. ---- She was born in Barbastre June 4, 1862, but her
family soon had to move to Sabadell. It was still almost a child when she began working in
the textile industry, which had a self-taught. At that time it is when all her career
began. Influenced by the ideas of engineer highlighted Marble Tárrida soon as anarchist.
With only 21 years, in 1883, she led a general strike to demand the 10-hour working day,
the "strike seven weeks." This strike was one of the most important labor disputes that
took place in Sabadell. In 1884, she organized an anarchist group of women who developed
an intense political-social activity with a view to resolving the situation in which they
found themselves.
Between 1888 and 1889, together with its partner, which the there is not much information,
carried out numerous activities in Portugal. Everything made anonymously, as it was
running. Although it is known that collaborated with local anarchist groups.
Teresa Claramunt was a woman very persecuted by the police, this time it was already well
known among them. In 1893 she was arrested off a rally because during the act two bombs
were thrown by one Santiago Salvador. Her arrest did not last long and was released to
prove that she had nothing to do. But in 1896 she was arrested again because during the
Corpus Christi procession in Barcelona, a bomb exploded. The author of this never
appeared, but the authorities, in an effort to end the anarchist phenomenon took Teresa,
along with many of her colleagues, to Montjuich prison. There she was tortured. Soledad
Gustavo wrote: "Telling what Teresa suffered in captivity that is impossible. Dam in the
women's prison, whipped and persecuted by the nuns who cared inside that establishment, I
spend many hardships and only thanks to her energy could come out best of their hands. "
After going through this Teresa did not stay idly by and made such a fuss that was brought
back to Montjuic and was there until the State requested 28 death sentences and 57
sentences perpetual one of which was for her. But it was finally banished thanks to the
influence of that one day began in this, her friend Tárrida Marble. Teresa went to London
and then to Paris. In 1898 she returned to Spain and founded in 1901 the magazine
"Producer", very important in the labor field.
In 1903 it was well known in Andalusia and traveled up there by Leopoldo Bonafulla in
order to spread their workers' struggle. This time also stopped the Civil Guard in Ronda.
She was taken to Malaga and Barcelona banished there again. Although she did not write
much in this year she published a booklet called "Women. Considerations about its status
before the prerogatives of man. " Here the author criticizes the man trying to impose
itself as an authority in the family. It shows very revolutionary ideas claiming that
women should be emancipated and this emancipation the need to do herself. Blames the
education agency that women have of man.
During the Tragic Week of 1909, to avoid another arrest, her classmates sent Zaragoza. But
in 1911 reenters the jail accused of "anarchist agitator". Her sentence is four years. At
this time it is when she had the first signs of paralysis. This hindered a little
activity, though never to surrender. For some years she lived in Seville, at Antonio
Ojeda, who offered to help her recover. But in 1923 she gave a rally in Seville against
the dictatorship and in 1924 returned to Barcelona. It was in 1929 when she gave her final
rally. In 1931, she died of paralysis had begun to suffer during her last arrest.
Representative text
"Cease, my friends, those lies that you teach all religions. Banish far, far away, those
concerns that you have, like the slaves of the XIII century with a noose that leaves you
moved away lest you penetréis on the path of reason. My voice does not reach all of you,
dear fellow; but you may be that ye which you read these lines that dictates a heart that
feels and a brain that thinks, do not forget that women have to worry about their fate,
she is to read books that teach, such as the anarchist works, has partner with her sisters
and form popular schools where learning to argue or to be learning what we need to know.
"" A woman, fraternity ". Teresa Claramunt
https://jjmlsm.wordpress.com/2015/06/01/biografica-de-teresa-claramunt/
https://periodicoacracia.wordpress.com/2015/06/05/biografica-de-teresa-claramunt/
