Ecotoxicology, Ecology, biology, environment. Key Innovations, Discoveries made by Dr. S.A. Ostroumov, a short summary

http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sergei_Ostroumov/blog/27023_Discoveries_in_nutshell;

http://www.scribd.com/doc/59437439/;

Ecology, biology, environment. Key Innovations, Discoveries made by Dr. S.A. Ostroumov, a short summary

Экология, биология: Новый вклад. Инновации. Открытие новых фактов. Новые концепции. Кратко суммированы инновации, содержащиеся в публикациях доктора биологических наук С.А. Остроумова и соавторов.

See a list of innovations below. Details and references, with sites are at:

http://www.scribd.com/doc/59437439/;

Детали и ссылки см. на сайте: http://www.scribd.com/doc/59437439/;




Fundamental concepts developed, modernized or suggested; new terminology and methods

Модернизированные или впервые предложенные фундаментальные концепции, новые термины, методы

1.


A new short list of priorities in ecology. Research priorities in ecology and environmental sciences for the future are formulated. The priorities for both fundamental and applied ecology are proposed.

Учеными трех стран впервые создан краткий cписок важнейших приоритетов экологии 21-го столетия

2.


A new, modernized definition of the fundamental term ‘ecosystem’

Новое, модернизированное определение терминов «экосистема» и «биогеоценоз»

3.


New fundamental concept:

Exometabolism,

Новая концепция и термин: экзометаболизм

4.


Endometabolism, эндометаболизм

5.


Integral metabolism, Интегральный метаболизм

6.


Биохимическая экология

7.


Biochemical ecology and biochemical hydrobiology;

in the book (1986), it is the first time that the expression 'biochemicial ecology ' was introduced; it is considered that in the book, the new scientific discipline of biochemical ecology was established.

Концептуальное изложение основ новой научной дисциплины, биохимической экологии

8.


экологические хемомедиаторы, экологические хеморегуляторы,

ecological chemomediators, ecological chemoregulators

9.


преинфекционные соединения, постинфекционные соединения,

10.


A new system of criteria for ecological and environmental hazards, for identification of negative anthropogenic effects on organisms and biota;

New solution to the eternal problem of criteria of ecohazards of chemicals:

Новая система критериев экологической опасности

11.


экологические кластеры

Ecological clusters

12.


Принцип экологической неопределенности

Principle of ecological uncertainty

13.


Удельный объем (предложен новый морфометрический показатель).

14.


энтропия и негэнтропия в водных экосистемах:

Развитие подхода Шредингера в приложении к водным экосистемам и качеству воды

15.


Новый подход к оценке стоимости воды

16.


Новые экологические показатели, характеризующие роль организмов в функционировании экосистем. Экологический налог и коэффициенты F/B, F/A, F/P.

New ecological parameters that characterize the role of organisms in the functioning of ecosystems. Ecological tax (taxation) and coefficients F/B, F/A, F/P

17.


Сопряженные экосистемы.

A new fundamental concept: Coupled ecosystems

18.


Formulation of a new system of criteria for ecological hazards

19.


Впервые предложена новая типология основных видов вещества в биосфере и геохимической среде.

It is the first time that a new typology of the main types of matter in the biosphere is proposed.

The author proposed a new conceptualization which is based on his suggestion to identify so called «ex-living matter» (ELM). The author discusses his experiments (together with his co-authors) which provide the factual foundation to this conceptualization, as well as other data available in literature. The main functions of ELM in the biosphere were also formulated and considered by the author.

20.


По-новому проанализирована роль биоты (живых организмов, совокупности экологических и гидробиологических факторов) в регуляции и стабилизации параметров биосферы, геофизических и геохимических процессов. Выявлены новые стороны необходимой роли биоты в предотвращении экстремальных погодных явлений и глобальных изменений климатической системы. Впервые сформулирован и обсуждается список связанных с этим важнейших семи функций биоты. Впервые предложены элементы теории аппарата биосферы.

21.


First presentation of a new conceptualization of the key role of the biota (organisms) in improving water quality in aquatic (freshwater and marine) ecosystems

Впервые дана новая концепция ключевой роли биоты (организмов) в улучшении качества вод

22.


Innovative conceptualization and formulation of a new fundamental theory of water self-purification in aquatic (both marine and freshwater) ecosystems

Инновационная теория самоочищения воды в водных экосистемах

23.


A new conceptualization of biological mechanisms for improving water quality

Новая концепция биологических механизмов улучшения качества вод

24.


It is the first time, a new concept and the term ‘biomachinery’ is formulated;

in these publication, it is the first time that the new term 'biomachinery' was introduced

Впервые предложен новые концепция и термин “biomachinery”

25.


A new concept of ecosystem as a bioreactor

It is the first time that a new facet of the essence and identity of ecosystem was discovered: ecosystem has attributes of a bioreactor that improves water quality

26.


A new concept of organisms as a biocatalyst in matter transfer in ecosystems

27.


Synecological synergism of man-made impact; it is the first time that the concept and term 'synecological synergism' was introduced;

It is the first time: A fundamental concept of a new type of impact on ecosystem exemplified by man-made effects of chemical pollutants was formulated and developed: two-level synergism

28.


A new discovery: how mixed chemicals affect freshwater bivalve mollusks; a new type of environmental hazard: synecological summation of effects of pollution

29.


A new conceptualization: an insight in the role of biodiversity in improving water quality; a new aspect of importance of biodiversity protection

30.


A new modern conceptualization of ecosystem

31.


A new modern conceptualization of the boundaries (borderlines) of ecosystems

32.


Inhibitory analysis in ecology; it is the first time that the concept of inhibitory analysis was proposed for studied of interorganismal interactions

33.


A new insight and approach in the control of eutrophication, a new solution:

34.


A new fundamental concept: Ecological repair (ecological remediation, ecological reparation);

it is the first time that the concept and term 'ecological repair' was introduced;

35.


The multifunctional role of the biota in the self-purification of aquatic ecosystems

36.


New fundamental concepts of the principle of ecological uncertainty; it is the first time that the concept and term ‘principle of ecological uncertainty’ was introduced and analyzed;

37.


New typology and conceptualization of the pathways of chemical elements migrating in the biosphere, with special attention to stochastic and vectorial, as well as cyclic and non-cyclic pathways.

38.


A new fundamental concept of ecological geochemistry: Integrated abiotic-biotic regulation of biogeochemical processes (a new concept of ‘bioinert regulation’, or

‘biokosnaya regulyaciya’)

39.


A new conceptualization of the list of the main functions of organisms in preventing global change

40.


new concepts of synecological cooperativity and ecological taxation in biological communities; it is the first time that the concepts and terms synecological cooperativity and ecological taxation were introduced;

41.


In the paper, a new type of hazards from chemical pollution was identified. In the paper new facts are reported that shows man-made hazards to 3 aspects of functioning of the biosphere and ecosystems: (1) formation and improving of water quality; (2) biogeochemical flows of C, N, P and other constituents of biomass; (3) formation of deposits of organic matter as bottom sediments. All those hazards are generated by chemical pollutants that act as uncouplers of pelagial-benthal coupling (a new term and concept originated by the author of the paper).

42.


A new approach to prevent pollution, eutrophication, and algal blooms was identified and analyzed in this paper . The approach is based on efficient use of the authors discoveries of the natural mechanisms of self-purification and self-regulation of ecosystem.

Discovery of new fundamental links among eutrophication, algal blooms, and natural mechanisms to improve water quality

43.


An innovative and concise conceptualization of the key role of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in improving water quality

44.


A new approach to monetary assessment of the ecological services of aquatic ecosystems

45.


A new system of principles for protecting the biogeocenotic function and biodiversity of filter-feeders. The author suggested establishing a new type of protected areas whose main purpose is to protect functionally active populations of filter-feeders, including bivalves and other organisms. Those protected areas could be named hydrobiological (some variants: biofiltering, or malacological) reserves (some variants: refuges, sanctuaries, etc.). The author formulated 5 principles of nature conservation requirements in malacological and hydrobiological reserves (Tabl. 3). Among them is principle 2, "conservation of filtration activity of organisms and populations". The paper contains data on how 5 detergents (1-50 mg/L) inhibited the filtration activity of Unio tumidus, Mytilus galloprovincialis, Crassostrea gigas

46.


Extended the scientific approaches of the Nobel Prizers E. Schrödinger and I. Prigogine by applying them to aquatic ecosystems; some new conclusions that challenge the statements of E. Schrödinger were drawn

47.


Proposed the new method of recurrent additions to study phytoremediation

48.


A new method for phytoremediation of polluted aquatic medium: Studies of the phytoremediation potential of aquatic plants.

49.


A new method for phytoremediation of polluted aquatic medium: Phytoremediation of perchlorate, surfactants, heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd)

50.


A new method for phytoremediation of polluted aquatic medium: The macrophyte accelerated the disappearance of the surfactant sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) from water. Following the addition of SDS, the surface tension of water in the microcosm with the macrophyte OST1 restored to the level which was close to that of pure water within less than three days.

51.


A new method (a contribution to phytoremediation of water): Aquatic plants C. demersum induced a removal of the heavy metals Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb from water.

52.


Zooremediation (a new methodological approach)

53.


Ecosystems and organisms were considered as two types of entities involved in life phenomena at two levels of organization of living systems. The parameters that were considered included: the main functions, the main prerequisites for those functions, discreteness and continuity in space, discreteness and continuity in time, the boundaries, the ability to control the physical and chemical parameters of the environment, the ability to decrease entropy in energy-dependent way, etc.

54.


A number of new methods to study biological and toxic effects of surfactants and detergents;

A number of new methods and variants of methods to bioassay surfactants, detergents, pesticides, - using plant seedlings, bivalve mollusks, leeches, algae, bacteria;

55.


Гуманитарная биология и экология;

учебно-методическое пособие для средней общеобразовательной школы, лицеев, колледжей, университетов