Posted on January 6, 2015
Jacob was one of eight gifted mathematicians in his family (and the first)! Born in Switzerland on this date in 1655, he so loved the logarithmic spiral, he asked that it be carved on his gravestone, which was erected after his 1705 death.In between his birth and death, Jacob Bernoulli made many contributions to calculus, but he is most famous for his work on probability.
Here are some of the things that Bernoulli explored, discovered, and made contributions to:
You probably know that infinity is endless. Well, an infinite series is the sum of infinitely many numbers related to each other in a particular, defined way. Here is an example:1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8 + 1/2^n
As n gets larger and larger, the fraction ½ to the nth power gets smaller and smaller, and although it seems that you can never QUITE get to the number 1, since there are an infinite number of fractions added to the series, we say that the answer converges on 1.
By the way, infinite series are important in practical fields such as engineering and biology!
This important number is approximately 2.71828 but it is irrational, so the digits after the decimal place go on and on and on and on...forever! Although it seems impossible that this number would be important in any way, Bernoulli discovered it when studying compounding interest (something that banks do so that you can grow your money!).
A differential equation states how a rate of change in one variable is related to other variables.
Probability is simply the likelihood of something happening. You can explore probability using dice, cards, spinners, or colored M&Ms. Here are some simple questions you can ask (there are way more complicated questions!):
- If you throw one die ten times, what percent of the time will you roll a 6? How about if you throw the die ten thousand times?
- In the game 21, if you have 11 points and want to get to 21, how likely are you to get 10 points in your next card? (Face cards AND the ten-spot cards are all worth 10 points.) Obviously, it depends on how many 10's have already been played!
- If there are 30 spots on the spinner, alternating black and red, what is the likelihood of spinning a red?
- What is the likelihood of pulling out a brown M&M from a full bag of M&Ms?
Here is a really interesting probability problem called the Monty Hall Problem.Also on this date:
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