We look at the increasing stresses and strains within modern British society, and within
the worldwide capitalist system as a whole. Will this lead to increasing apathy or to a
sudden outbreak of protest, of urban uprisings? ---- ?As nations of the world are thrown
into a debt crisis, the likes of which have never been seen before, harsh fiscal
?austerity? measures will be undertaken in a flawed attempt to service the debts. The
result will be the elimination of the middle class. When the middle class is absorbed into
the labour class ? the lower class ? and lose their social, political, and economic
foundations, they will riot, rebel, and revolt.? From The Global Economic Crisis: Riots,
Rebellion and Revolution. When Empire Hits Home, Part 3:
http://www.globalresearch.ca/the-global-economic-crisis-riots-rebellion-and-revolution/18529
It is no accident that Boris Johnson, the Mayor of London, is attempting to get a measure
through the Greater London Authority about the use of water cannon by the Metropolitan
Police. This wily politician, who masquerades as a lovable buffoon, is as sharp as many
other members of his class, and has their alert class consciousness. He knows the social
pressures are mounting continuously with more and more austerity measures piling up, on
what seems like a daily basis. Johnson confirmed that he had made this decision based on
the summer riots of 2011, which affected several cities in Britain. As the comedian Jeremy
Hardy has noted: ?He may seem like a lovable buffoon, but you know he wouldn?t hesitate to
line you all up against a wall and have you shot?
In fact the current situation could be compared to that of the horrendous torture and
execution device called pressing, of loading ever increasing weights on to a prone victim,
bringing about their death via crushing.
ATOS Murderers
The number of suicides as a result of the Department of Work and Pensions campaign against
the unemployed, in collusion with its unemployed -bashing mercenaries ATOS, is mounting.
Those people who through disability or physical and mental illness are on benefits, are
under increasing pressure from this brutal agency, which is paid ?100 million (!) a year
to do the dirty work. One incontinent woman was told by ATOS to wear a nappy. Another
woman dying of breast cancer had her benefits cut by ?30 a week. When she appealed, her
benefits were reinstated, but she died shortly after. Over half of those who appealed
against ATOS decisions were found to be justified, and this increased statistically when
they were represented by lawyers or benefits advisers. In retaliation, the Government is
planning to withdraw legal aid from appellants. In a coordinated attack on the disabled,
the Government announced the closure of 36 Remploy factories, which employed disabled
workers. This resulted in compulsory redundancies for 1,700 workers. At the same time,
Disability Living Allowance is being cut, which will seriously hinder many disabled people
being able to work.
Attack on the Elderly
As a result of cuts to local authority spending over the last four years, at least 250,000
older vulnerable people are being deprived of care over such things as bathing, dressing
and eating. The number of older people receiving ?Meals on Wheels? dropped by half.
Obviously with this came a concomitant cut in the number of care workers. This increased
the pressure on family carers and friends, with a resulting increase in hospital entries.
As Holly Holder, a co-author of a Nuffield Trust report remarked: ?It is highly likely
that this is having a negative effect on older people?s health and wellbeing and that of
their carers, but without adequate data to assess this impact, the NHS and government are
flying blind when it comes to managing demand and planning for the future.? Already one
thousand-and rising- people have received letters with instructions on how to get back
into work, even though some of them have less than six months to live. One notable recent
case involved one person being accounted ?fit to work? when they had already died!
These cuts in local authority spending also put pressure on the elderly in terms of day
centres being closed, as they also impacted on young people with the closure of youth centres.
The Student Crisis
The student crisis is one that will have long term effects. The axing of student grants in
1998 by the Labour Government and the introduction of ?1,000 tuition fees was the start on
attacks on easy access to higher education. These tuition fees have increased to ?9,000 at
the present time, with the passing of the Higher Education Act in 2004 by the Labour
government of Blair to introduce variable fees. This brought in fees of up to 3,000 a year
in the academic year 2007-2008. In 2010 the cap on student fees was set at ?9,000, meaning
that universities could, and did, raise their fees to this figure.
In late March of this year it emerged that the Coalition government is now preparing to
abolish this cap, thus opening the chance for university administrations to increase their
annual tuition fees to up to ?16,000 a year. Already this is stopping many people from
going to university. It further confirms the move to a two-tier education system. In
conjunction with the ending of student grants in 1998, came the abolition of maintenance
grants for living expenses starting in the academic year 1999-2000. This forced students
to take out large student loans from that date on, trapping many in debt. Those now
entering the jobs market are now already in debt to the sum of tens of thousands of
pounds. Increasingly, only those able to afford to pay for tuition fees and living costs
at the same time will be in the position to snap up lucrative jobs.
Attack on the Homeless
There is also a twin pronged attack on the homeless, through government legislation and
through the actions and policies of the local State, that is, local councils. The
Coalition government brought in legislation against the squatting of empty residential
housing recently, in summer 2012. It is looking towards extending this ban to public and
commercial buildings in the coming years. In London, the number of homeless people has
risen by 60% over the last two years. In tandem with this and not just involving the
homeless, but those still with shelter but in impoverished conditions, half a million
people are now using food banks. As well as attacks on squatting, the Coalition Government
introduced cuts to local housing allowances to people in private accommodation
administered by local councils. In a staggering display of class arrogance, Philippa Roe,
heading up finance at Westminster Council, said that ?If larger families have to move out
strong transport links will allow children to travel to schools and friends and families
to stay in touch?. The Conservative controlled Westminster Council has paid a key role in
lobbying Ministers to remove the responsibilities of local councils to house the homeless.
It attempted to ban soup kitchens in the vicinity of Westminster Cathedral in late 2011
but was forced to make a U-turn after a general outcry. However plans to ban soup kitchens
in the area are once again being put on the agenda, together with a campaign against rough
sleeping. A leading figure in Westminster Council said: ?Soup runs have no place in the
21st century. It is undignified that people are being fed on the streets. They actually
encourage people to sleep rough with all the dangers that entails. Our priority is to get
people off the streets altogether. We have a range of services that can help do that.?
In tandem with this local councils are increasing their attacks on the homeless. In many
areas, local councils are fiddling the figures for the number of rough sleepers in their
area, deliberately minimising the numbers. In March of this year Newham Council,
controlled by Labour, separated an elderly disabled couple who had found themselves
homeless. They were put in separate accommodation in a move reminiscent of the practice of
separating married couples in workhouses during the Victorian period! In another vile
move, Newham Council, with the enchanting figure of Sir Robin Wales at its head, served
ASBOs on 28 rough sleepers. They worked in alliance with the notorious UK Border Agency.
Unmesh Desai was expelled from the Socialist Workers Party in the early 1980s for his
advocacy of physical attacks on the far right, known as ?squadism?. This young radical has
become the Labour Party enforcer for Newham, with a post as executive member for crime and
anti-social behaviour. He went on record as saying: ?Residents do not regard sleeping,
drinking, urinating, or taking drugs on the streets and using threatening or violent
behaviour as an acceptable way of life. We will not tolerate it, and will take action
wherever we are able to reduce anti-social behaviour and crime linked to rough sleeping.?
Attack on Social Housing
The Government pushed through the Localism Act in 2012. This was intended to spearhead a
harsh attack on social housing, whether either the rapidly dwindling council housing or
the housing associations. Tenants will now be robbed of security of tenure. Newly let
council properties can be let on five year (occasionally two year) ?fixed term secure
tenancies?. Councils can now discharge those duties to house the homeless by insisting
they take fixed term tenancies in council or housing association accommodation or private
accommodation, with no security of tenure at all. Before this, homeless families had to be
offered the choice of a social housing tenancy, although often following a period in
temporary accommodation. Housing Associations can now charge up to 80% market rents on
newly let properties.
Labour councils as well as those controlled by the Conservatives, rushed to implement
these new rules. The Labour councils of Haringey, Lambeth and Newham brought in the new 5
year tenancies, despite having no legal obligation to do so. Once children of families in
this accommodation move out (that is if they can afford to do so) they are then deemed as
under-occupying, meaning their tenancy will not be renewed. They can then be evicted and
provided with insecure private housing. In private accommodation there is no security of
tenancy, and families can be evicted with only a two-month notice. In addition, in
particular problem areas like London, avaricious landlords and land speculator sharks have
driven up rents to astronomical levels. The housing benefit cap means many will not be
able to afford these rents and are being forced out of inner-city areas.
The ?500 housing benefit cap will affect those in housing association property as rents
are raised. Even those in employment but on low wages will be penalised. Mark Hoban,
Minister of Employment, under the new Universal Credit scheme, is preparing plans for
those in work, but who need benefits to top up their income, to be forced to retrain to up
their incomes or face benefit cuts.
In conjunction with this attack, there are massive attacks on those claiming unemployment
benefits. Very large numbers of jobseekers are being deprived of benefits for arbitrary
reasons. It is known that jobcentre advisors have been given targets to deprive the
unemployed of their benefits.
Attack on Pensions
The government has now sped up its legislation over the age of retirement with the age of
receiving a state pension going up to the age of 66 in 2020. In addition, the pension age
of women to be equal with that of men is accelerated, to be completed by 2018. Plans are
also underway to increase the State Pension Age to 67 by 2036 and 68 by 2046. The
Government is also looking at applying this rising State Pension age to public service
pension schemes! For many, this may well mean that they work until they do, with the idea
of a happy retirement a dim and distant possibility.
Meanwhile this Government is continuing to support sweetheart deals where its capitalist
friends and supporters, like Vodaphone and Goldman Sachs, can get away without paying
taxes to the tune of billions of pounds, and where millionaires like Mick Jagger and Bob
Geldof stash their wealth in offshore companies.
The Ecological Crisis
The idea that climate change is not a likelihood has received a thorough soaking lately.
Extreme weather conditions, with their effects on agriculture and indeed on housing, are
more likely to be a common occurrence. The ecological crisis is increasingly combining
with the economic crisis. So around the world, particularly in what has been called the
?periphery of the global capitalist system? or the ?Global South?, new environmental
movements are emerging, involving an increasing working class component, with an
increasing input from indigenous peoples in Canada, Latin and Central America, China,
Egypt, etc. This has involved campaigns against toxicity and pollution, against the
construction of dams and high speed railway lines and tunnels, etc. The need for increased
exploitation on a global level has given birth to a ?disaster capitalism? like never
before. The continuation of humanity is increasingly at doubt, as is the continuation of
many of the ?higher? species of animal. Increasingly we may well see ?and as cited there
are already indications of this- of a convergence of interests involving class and labour
with environmental, race and gender issues, bringing to fruition the sort of movement the
Anarchist Federation and others have advocated for the past few decades (see our pamphlet
The Role of the Revolutionary Organisation). The need to develop a ?libertarian front? of
all these movements and groups is built. Thus, revolutionary work consists in part of
linking each area of struggle, bringing out all latent anti-capitalist and libertarian
tendencies.
In Britain such movements could emerge around the embryonic anti-fracking and anti-nuclear
power movement, although it is possible that they could equally develop around other
environmental issues. Bear in mind that fracking and nuclear power are now important
planks in this government?s policies. The police thugs that were once used against miners
are applying their brutal tactics to anti-fracking activists, awakening many to the nature
of the police.
Increasing Police Surveillance
More and more people are increasingly becoming witnesses to, and indeed victims of, police
methods. From the already mentioned attacks on the anti-fracking activists, via the
attacks and kettling of anti-capitalist protestors in anti-G8 and anti-IMF actions, and
the anti-fascist mobilisations where many were kettled and arrested in Tower Hamlets, to
the increasing criminalisation of student protest, the most recent example being the
recent kettling of students in Birmingham. Black people and Asian people have long been at
the receiving end of police brutality and harassment, as have political activists in
recent years. In addition to this is the increasing use of CCTV in every sphere of life.
The recent revelations by Edward Snowden showed that the US and the British state were
colluding in the mass surveillance of phone calls, emails, and internet usage.
The police in Britain were used as a weapon to beat the miners? strike of 1984-5, and they
have proceeded to play a more overtly political role, returning to the one of naked
intimidation as witnessed in previous decades of struggle. More and more people are
witnessing their true nature, and among the conscious active minority of students, this
has been a revelation that has had a radicalising effect. At the same time the Government
is attacking the jobs, conditions, and pensions of the police, causing certain resentment
there, a factor which could play a role if there were mass unrest and mass confrontation.
Coupled with this is the role of much of the media in whipping up attacks: on benefit
claimants and the unemployed, on rough sleepers and squatters, and on immigrants. Any
future revolutionary movement must, as a priority, look to the development of its own
media, its own mass propaganda and means of communication.
The Coming Social Blaze
We can see that a number of factors are coming together, whether over attacks on pensions,
on housing, or over increasing criminalisation of dissent. The role of both the Liberal
Democrats and the Labour Party is being exposed in many graphic ways. And yet there
appears at the moment to be no alternative being offered. The Left, or part of it, still
clings to the Labour Party, whilst other parts of it attempt to replicate the ?good old
days? of Old Labour- as if its record was any better than New Labour, and as if these were
not two heads of the same beast. They seek to raise the Lazarus of Welfare State Labourism
by their impotent incantations- Left Unity, The People?s Assemblies, Trade Union and
Socialist Coalition, etc.
And yet the anarchist and revolutionary groupings cannot seem to gain much of an audience,
and they remain isolated and small. Numbers on demonstrations, pickets, rallies and public
meetings are at low levels, whilst those involved in campaigns and local neighbourhood
work are similarly low. The number of strikes has fallen to a new low, whilst workplace
activism has been similarly affected.
We have indicated that there are many increasing stresses and strains in British society.
Many of these stresses and strains can be seen in countries around the world. The
magnitude of the crisis affecting capitalism is reaching gigantic proportions at every
level. Yet we know that a social quickening must come at some point. We cannot predict
where it will first burst out, we cannot predict how it will spread, but the likelihood is
that it will burst forth and surprise us all. Here are some indications of where it could
burst forth. We have already indicated anti-fracking and anti-nuclear power movements as
potential poles of struggle, another could be over the question of housing. We can see
this in the development of various private renters groups that have emerged with their
anti-landlord outlook and their occupations of up-market housing. Struggles over the
attacks on social housing and over gentrification could be sparks to set off the social
bonfire. Equally, the squatting laws themselves have been proved to be full of loopholes,
with some recent examples of acquittals of those occupying residential property. The
looming intensity of the housing crisis could ignite mass squats and occupations of
housing and land. In London the amount of empty housing has increased by 40% over the last
year. Kensington and Chelsea ranks highest in the number of empty homes among London
boroughs. The centre of London and indeed of many other major cities of the world has been
sold to Russian oligarchs and Arab sheikhs in the ?buy to leave? phenomenon, where
super-rich overseas buyers use prime property as an investment, with no intention of
occupying. Whole areas of cities are becoming ghost towns. This phenomenon started with
the last financial crash, when Swiss banks and other havens of the rich came under
increasing scrutiny. These people moved their oft dodgy riches away from the banks to
investing in prime property.
---
Organise! magazine, issue 82, Summer 2014.
http://www.afed.org.uk
Home »
» (en) Britain, AFED - Organise! #82 - The Fire Next Time?