? ?es???µ?? t?? e??at?? st? S????? ...

 

...?a? ? ???at??? ???t?µa???...

? d??aµ???? a???a? t?? e??at?? t?? S????? ?a? t?? ?????d?? ape???? se ???????? t?? ?µe????, p?? ?t?p????e ????a ap? t?? e???d?s?a ?a? t?? ast???µ???? a???? - ? a???a? ??a t?... ??t????

??? 1? ?a??? t?? 1886, ta e??at??? s??d???ta t?? ???, ????µe?a ap? t??? ep?t???µ????? a???e? t?? ?a?ad?? e??at?? (1872), ?e?????? ape???a??? ????t?p???se?? µe ?e?t???? s????µa «??t? ??e? d???e??, ??t? ??e? a??pa?s?, ??t? ??e? ?p??».

? ??t???? e??as?a s???st? t? ßas??? a?t?µa t?? e??at??, ?? ?p????, ????? ?aµ?a p??stas?a ap? t? ??µ?, apas??????ta? s?µf??a µe t?? ep???µ?e? t?? e???d?t?? t???, ?p?µ????ta? e?a?t??t??? ?????a, a??µ? ?a? t?? ????a???.

St?? ape???a pa?????? µ???? pe??p?? 350.000 e???te? se 1.200 e???st?s?a t?? ???. ? p???? µa??t??? p??e?a s?µe???eta? st? ß??µ??a???? ???t?? t?? ???, t? S?????, ?p?? ?a? d?ad??????? pe??ss?te??? ap? 90.000 e???te?.

?? d???f???e? ape???? ?a? ? p?ate?a ?e?µ???et

?? p??t? a?µa ???eta? d?? ?µ??e? a???te?a, ??? ap? t? e???st?s?? ?a????µ?? st? S?????: ?pe???sp?ste? ep??e????? ?a sp?s??? t?? ape???a?? ????? ?a? a??????e? s?µp????. ?at? t?? ep?µßas? t?? ast???µ?a? ?a? t?? µp??ß?? t?? ep??e???s??, d???f?????ta? t?sse??? ape????.

??? ep?µ??? ap?fas??eta? s???a??t???? ?atad???? t?? ast???µ???? ß?a? st?? ??ate?a ?e?µ???et, ?p?? p??t?stat??? ?? a?a??????.

? s?????t??s? e??a? µa???? ?a? e???????, ??? t?? ??a p?? ap?fas??e? ? ast???µ?a ?a t?? d?a??se? d?a t?? ß?a, ?p?te ?a? ap? t? p????? t?? ap????µe??? d?ad???t?? pet??ta? µ?a ?e???ß?µß?da. ? ?e???ß?µß?da e??????ta? ?a? s??t??e? ??a? ast???µ???.

??te e??a? p?? ? ast???µ?a a????e? p?? ?at? ß????s? ?at? t?? s???e?t??µ???? d???f????ta? t?sse??? ?a? t?a?µat????ta? ap??sd????st? a???µ? e??at??. ??? a??µ? ast???µ???? ?????? t?? ??? t??? ap? ap? p??? (f???a ? t?? d?ad???t?? pa?aµ??e? a?e?a???ß?t?).

??aß?ste ??a ta ?e????ta t?? 4?? ?a???, t?? ???? t?? «8» ?a? t??? «µ??t??e? t?? S?????» p?? e?te??st??a? 1,5 ????? a???te?a, ed?.

«? ???at??? ???t?µa???»

H 1? ?a??? ?a??e???eta? ?? ?a???sµ?a ?µ??a t?? ???at?? st?? 20 ??????? t?? 1889, ?at? t? d????e?a t?? ?d??t???? s??ed???? t?? ?e?t??a? ??e????? st? ?a??s?. ? p??tas? ???eta? ap? t?? ????? µa???st?, ???µ??t ?aß??:

«?a ???a???eta? µe???? d?e???? d?ad???s? se µ?a ???sµ??? µ??a, ?ts? ?ste se ??e? t?? ???e?, t?? ?d?a µ??a, ?? e???te? ?a apa?t??? ap? t?? ??ße???se?? t?? 8??? µ??a d???e??? ?a? t?? efa?µ??? t?? ????? ap?f?se?? t?? s??ed???? t?? ?a??s???», f??eta? ?a p??te??e ?a?a?t???st???, s?µe?????ta? p?? «?? e??a??µe??? ???e ???a? ?a p??pe? ?a ???a?????? t?? e?d???s? s?µf??a µe t?? ?d?a?te?e? s?????e? t?? pat??da? t???».

? ???at??? ???t?µa??? ????t??eta? s?µe?a se p????? de??de? ???e? µe p??e?e? ?a? s???e?t??se?? e??a??µ???? ?a? d?a???? a?t?µa t?? ß??t?ste? s?????e? apas????s??.

St?? ????p? t?? ???s??, ?p?? ?? p???te? d???µ????ta? ap? t?? d?aµat??? ep?de???s? t?? e??as?a??? s??????? ?a? pa??????a t?? a?e???a, ? ???at??? ???t?µa??? ?a? t? a?t?µa ??a ??t???? e??as?a de???e? p?? ep??a??? pa?? p?t?.

O? ????t? af?e??µ??? st??? a???e? t?? e??at?? ?a? st? s?s?a??st??? ????µa, ? ???t?µa??? ap?te?e? µ?a p??? s?µa?t??? ep?s?µ? ????t? ??a ???e? ?p?? ? ?a??? ??µ???at?a t?? ???a?, ? ???ßa ?a? ta p???? S?ß?et??? ???t?, µe t??? e??tasµ??? ?a pe???aµß????? s?????? µe?a?e??de?? ?a???? ?a? st?at??t???? pa?e??se??.

??t? p?? ??e?, t????, e?d?af???? e??a? p?? ?? ??? ?a? ? ?a?ad?? e??a? ?? µ??ad???? ???e? st?? ?p??e? ? ?µ??a t?? ???as?a? de? ????t??eta? t?? p??t?µa???, a??? t?? p??t? ?e?t??a t?? Septeµß????, s?µat?d?t??ta? ap???e?st??? t? t???? t?? ?a???a?????? d?a??p??.

?d? ap? t? 1894, ????ste, ? e??tasµ?? t?? ?µ??a? t?? ???as?a? e??e ???e? ??µ?? t?? ???t??? t?? ???, ?a? a?t?st???a t?? ?a?ad?, µe ?e???a?? st??? t?? ap?f??? t?? ta?t?s?? t?? e??at???? ????µ?t?? µe t?? a??ste?? t?? ???a?. 

 

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