Designed from the same pattern of stabilization and adjustment programs used in Latin
America inspired neoliberalism (see on liberalism) in the 80s. Creatively designed and
innovations such as the indexation of the economy through the URV (Real Value Unit),
stabilization was based on the link between increased imports and accelerated absorption
of external resources. The base currency (anchor) has been at the core of policy and
remains today one associated with the monetary policy of high interest rates. Maintained
exalted and untouchable even by the opposition PSDB administrations of Fernando Henrique
(two governments of former trade unionist Luis Ignacio da Silva, aka Lula and Dilma Russef
that is current, all PT), the speeches of all administrations post-Real are fighting
inflation, income distribution and production modernization of the country, while reducing
the severity of mismatches major economic and social costs that remain accumulated in
these two decades.
The stabilization strategy used was based on the proposed agenda called Washington
Consensus, that is, full trade liberalization, deregulation of the economy, unrestricted
recognition patent, privatization, minimal state disarming the mechanism to support growth
and economic regulation, flexible labor rights always oriented to establish the absolute
primacy of the market. This process was accompanied by ideological advance of the
inevitability of "reform", "modernization" and "globalization", parts of a unification of
thought around the market rationality.
The government options, keeping within the economic logic inaugurated by the Fernando
Collor de Mello, the introduction of the subaltern Brazil international instability
represented a milestone end of the cycle considered stagnation with high inflation rates,
a currency crisis under constant pressure of external indebtedness and depletion of the
development model inspired by import substitution. On the political scene was the end of
the long transition from military to pseudo-democratic regime, full of corruption
scandals, the weakening of the state and rigging for all managements to date. At the same
time it has great social movements that are systematically demobilized or coopted by
managements, removing any radical critique proposals that would lead to emancipation more
than necessary in this maelstrom of power and maintenance of social inequalities, despite
all the billions spent on palliative and assistencialismos advertisements exaggerated the
supposed efficiency of the administrations in power.
Past 19 years, is consolidated neoliberalism, which many pointed as late, and held,
ironically, by managements that openly criticized the plan and its creators. Part of the
institutional left not only surrendered to the plan, but as adapted and used, as well as
all the techniques and strategies of control, corruption inherent in the model, giving a
lesson to the whole society of immorality. The institutional left, became the party even
if both attacked: an image of the same right as much opposed.
The changes incorporated by the neoliberal agenda after 19 years, followed the
international market and the impact that technological model has become a key trend in
contemporary economies. Computers, automation, biotechnology, digital communication,
arising from new materials and new ways of managing production systems redesign relations
between countries and nations, but also the social relations of production. The economy
moves to a swiftness and agility of communication in a society predominantly of financial
speculation. Productivity growth is extraordinary, the production scales reach new
horizons and generate large market areas (macromercados), redefined the global competition
that is now shaken by financial instability, the work of this interference speculative
financial relations, as occurred in the bubble housing market in the USA and as in Europe
and a possible fragmentation of the European Common Market.
The concept of globalization is deepening the process of internationalization,
concentration and centralization of capital has remained. Financial flows materialize the
"globalization of capital" through the technological innovations that make the financial
markets do not close even a second. Transnational corporations and oligopolistic advanced
and highly globalized economy, accelerated mergers and acquisitions of local companies.
The composition of large markets negatively influenced the organization of workers,
fragmenting and destabilizing, more flexible and relocating precariously hand labor,
industrial plants can be installed where the weight of organizational workers is smaller
or nonexistent. Factories and manufacturing sectors are closed desempregando thousands of
workers in a region, and shortly open in places where there are more lucrative advantages
for the enterprise. The world of work is so hard hit by these innovations and the
neoliberal adjustment policies. The productive restructuring promoted this model destroys
jobs, streamlining and further degrades the employment contracts and plays an increasing
share of workers in the informal economy and poor labor relations. Recently, it was
reported that over 50 million people do not use the financial system, and because most of
these do not have job stability to the point of a checking account and keep your monthly
costs.
Globalization continues to restrict the room for maneuver of national states, even with
concussions occurred in the past 6 years. The European Community has the classical
postulates of the IMF with its cost containment measures that directly impact social
demands, as we see occur in Greece, Italy, Spain, Portugal and others.
After nearly two decades, the countries of Latin America and Brazil, still affected by
this process. In Brazil, the managements beautified the "small wave" of the world crisis
came here through clientelistic practices disguised welfare that the race to the bottom
that the maintenance of the Real Plan caused. Million Brazilians were dismissed to be
rehired with salaries below what they earned; factories were closed in traditional
industrial regions, to be erected in regions with higher tax incentives and labor-cheaper
labor. In this sense, many entrepreneurs are inspiring the Chinese model, which offers a
production with great technological appeal combined with a workforce highly skilled but
extremely cheap, thanks to a totalitarian regime that ensures absolute control of the
population.
International crisis, BRICS (country bloc formed by Brazil, Russia, India, China and South
Africa, so-called "emerging") has secured some influence, mainly because they have makeup
positively the social miseries of their societies, such as advertisements massive as being
"successful" in times of crises. With the same proposals that gave strength to the Real
Plan, the negative impacts on society are beginning to appear, the inflation rate was so
far about "control", is coming back, increase market prices. And even recently taking the
direction of the WTO (see text above), the impacts will remain the same these 19 years:
favoritism of speculative sectors and entrepreneurs, fadando most people paid the accounts
of adventures social, political and economic initiatives that have exclusive commitment to
their dominant partners worldwide.
It kept monetary policy based on maintaining high interest rates, stimulates the uptake of
volatile and speculative capital sterile and contributes nothing constructive to implement
infrastructure and generate jobs. It is illusory to see investment in the World Cup and
the Olympics as steps in this direction, since they are mainly aimed at meeting the
business sectors and very little reversed the population, unlike the disguised
advertisements would have us believe. More severe are those facilities that cater to big
business and push the initiative of small and medium size into the abyss of default and
bankruptcy. The high interest rates undermine economic growth, harming the ability to tax
collection, and helps to deteriorating public finances.
To be Continued ...
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