Population : 84 525 639 habitants (est. 2002)
Densité : 281.75 hab./km²
Superficie : 300 000 km²
Capitale : Manille
Principales villes : Quezon City, Davao, Cebu, Zamboanga, Cagayan de Oro, Bacolod, Iloilo, Angeles, General Santos, Batangas
Point culminant : Mount Apo 2 954 m.
Langue(s) parlée(s) : Cebuano, Tagalog, Ilocano, Hiliganyon, Bikol, Waray-waray
Langue(s) officielle(s) : Tagalog, Anglais
Monnaie : Peso
Fête nationale : 12 juin

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With a population of more than 92 million Multiple ethnicities and cultures are found throughout the islands. In prehistoric times, Negritos were some of the archipelago's earliest inhabitants. They were followed by successive waves of Austronesian peoples who brought with them influences from Malay, Hindu, and Islamic societies. Trade and subsequent Chinese settlement eventually introduced Chinese cultural elements which remain to this day.
The arrival of Ferdinand Magellan in 1521 marked the beginning of an era of Spanish interest and eventual colonization. In 1543, Spanish explorer Ruy López de Villalobos named the archipelago Las Islas Filipinas in honor of Philip II of Spain. The Spanish Empire began to settle with the arrival of Miguel López de Legazpi from New Spain (present day-Mexico) in 1565 who established the first Spanish settlement in the archipelago, which remained a Spanish colony for more than 300 years. During this time, Manila became the Asian hub of the Manila–Acapulco galleon fleet.
As the 19th century gave way to the 20th, there followed in quick succession the Philippine Revolution, which spawned the short-lived First Philippine Republic; the Spanish-American War; and the Philippine–American War. In the aftermath, the United States emerged as the dominant power; aside from the period of Japanese occupation, the United States retained sovereignty over the islands. After World War II, the Treaty of Manila established the Philippine Republic as an independent nation. Since then, the Philippines has had an often tumultuous experience with democracy, with popular "people power" movements overthrowing a dictatorship in one instance but also underlining the institutional weaknesses of its constitutional republic in others.






