?a pa??µata t?? pa?e????t?? -a??µ? ?a? t?? s?µe????? ??ß????s??- de? ????a? µa??µata ?a? ? epa?????? t?? ?d??? ?????? ß??s?eta? p?? t?? p????.
??e? ?? a???se?? ?µµes?? f????...
p?? ????a? ta te?e?ta?a ?????a -a??µ? ?a? ? te?e?ta?a t?? pe?asµ???? ???????, µe t? µet?ta?? e?at??t?d?? p?????t?? ?a? ?p??es??? ap? t? 13% st? 23%- ?d???sa? ??? µ??? se ap?t???a ep?te???? t?? st???? p?? e??a? te?e? µ?s? t?? p???p?????sµ??, a??? ?a? se µe??s? t?? es?d?? se ap???t??? a???µ??? ap? ?????? se ??????.
?fes? ?a? ?????te?? ????t?? f???d?af???? a???????? t? µe?a??te?? µ???? t?? e?sp?a?t???? µ?t??? ?a? d?µ???????? s??e??? t?? a????? ??a ???? ?a?????????. ?a?’ ??a a?t?, ? ??ß????s? ???e? ?a ?eµ?se? t? t??t? pa??t? µ?t??? (a?t? p?? p??pe? ?a e?asfa??se? 1,8 d?s. e??? ??a ?a ??e?se? t? d?µ?s????µ??? ?e?? t?? 2017 ?a? t?? 2018) µe ??e? a???se?? ?µµes?? f????: sta ts????a, sta ????t? t???f??a, st? s??d??µ?t??? t??e??as?, a??µ? ?a? ? a???s? t?? ßas???? s??te?est? ap? t? 23% st? 24% e??a? sta s??d?a, ?p?? ap??????e ? ?a??µe????.
? epe?e??as?a t?? st???e??? t?? te?e?ta??? et?? ap?t?p??e? t?? ap????se?? p?? p????pt??? ???e ????? ap? t??? st????? t?? ?µµes?? f????. ??d??? st?? F??, ? e????a e??a? d?aµat??? ?a??? µe ß?s? t??? a???µ??? p????pte? ?t?:
• ?p? t? 2009 µ???? t? 2015, ta ?s?da ap? t?? F?? ????? µe???e? ?at? t??????st?? 3,5 d?s. e??? se ap???t??? a???µ??? ?at? t? d????e?a t?? t???? µ??µ?????. ?a st???e?a ap? t? de?t?? t?? ?e?t????? ?p??es??? t?? ??at???? p???p?????sµ?? a??? ?a? ap? t??? ap?????sµ??? t?? te?e?ta??? et?? de?????? ?t? se ?aµ?a ap? t?? t?sse??? te?e?ta?e? ??????? de? ep?te?????e ? e?sp?a?t???? st????.
• ?? 2012 ? ap????s? st???? - e?sp?a??? ?ftase ta 1,374 d?s. e???.
•?? 2013, ?ta? 659 e?at. e??? ?a? t? 2014 208 e?at. e???.
• ???µ? ?a? t? 2015, ? ap????s? ?ftase sta 883 e?at. e???. ??d??? ??a t? te?e?ta?? ?t??, a?t? µp??e? ?a d??a???????e? µe t? ?t? ? p???p?????sµ?? s??t?????e µe t?? p???pt??? ?a ?p???e? a??pt??? ?a? te????? ? ?????? ???e?se ??a µ?a a??µ? f??? µe ?st? ?a? pe?????sµ??? ?fes? (-0,2%). Ost?s?, ? ep?d?s? t?? 2015 s?????t??? µe t? 2014 ?ta? ap??a??pt??? ??a t? p?? ????? ?e?t?????se? ?? a???se?? ?µµes?? f???? ta te?e?ta?a ?????a. ?at? t?? ?p???af? t?? t??t?? µ??µ?????, s?µf??????e µa???? µet?ta?? p?????t?? ?a? ?p??es??? ap? t? s??te?est? t?? 13% st? 23%. ?p? t? s???e???µ??? µ?t?? e??e p???p?????ste? ?a e?sp?a????? t??????st?? 2,5 d?s. e??? ep?p????. ?e????? t? 2015 ???e?se µe ta ?s?da ap? t?? F?? ?a d?aµ??f????ta? a???ß?? sta ?d?a ep?peda µe t? 2014: 12,23 d?s. e???. ???ad? t? 2015 e?sp??????a? ta ?d?a ?s?da ap? t?? F?? µe t? 2014, pa?? t? ?e????? ?t? t? 2014 e??aµe ??? ?a? 10 p?s?st?a?e? µ???de? ?aµ???te?? F?? se e?at??t?de? p?????ta ?a? ?p??es?e?, ?a??? ?a? t? e?d??? ?a?est?? t?? ??s??? se p???? efa?µ??? ??a ??a ta ??s?? t?? ???a???.
??t?st???? e????a p????pte? ?a? ap? ta st???e?a t?? a? d?µ???? t?? 2016. ?p?t??eta? ?t? ta ?s?da ap? t?? F?? ?a ?fta?a? sta 2,637 d?s. (s.s. t? a? d?µ??? t?? 2016 e??aµe t??? a???µ????? s??te?est?? F??, e?? t? d?µ??? t?? 2015 ???). ?e????? e?sp??????a? 2,557 d?s. µe t?? ap????s? ?a ft??e? sta 137 e?at. ap? t? p??t? ????a? d?µ???. ?? ?d? ??f?sµ??e? a???se?? st?? F?? a??µ? de? ????? ep?ß???e? (s.s. e???eµe? ? ?at????s? t?? µe??µ???? s??te?est?? se ??a ta ??s?? t?? ???a???) ?a? ? ??ß????s? et??µ??e? ?a? ??a «?e??a?a» pa??µßas? pe??????ta? a?t? t? f??? t?? ßas??? s??te?est? t?? 23%.
S??e?e?? ap????se??
?d?a e????a p????pte? ?a? ??a ????? t??? ?µµes??? f?????. ?a ?s?da ap? t?? e?d??? f??? ?ata????s?? st? ße????? ap? ta 2,549 d?s. t? 2012 ????? pe?????ste? t? 2015 sta 2,174 d?s. ?a ?s?da ap? t?? e?d??? f??? ?ata????s?? st? pet???a?? ????? a????e? µe? s?????t??? µe t? 2012, a???, ??a ?a ???e? a?t?, ?p?epe ?a p???ap?as?aste? ? e?d???? f???? st? pet???a?? ???µa?s?? ep? t?sse?a ?a? ?a ep?t?ape? ? ?????f???a t?? pet?e?a??????t??. ?a? p??? ?µ?? ?? ap????se?? ap? t??? st????? e??a? s??e?e?? ?a? µe???e? (??? ?a? 557 e?at.). ? e?d???? f???? ?ata????s?? sta ts????a ap?d?de? 2,365 d?s. e??? ap? 2,7 d?s. t? 2012 ?a? ? f???? st?? ????t? t??ef???a ??e? pe?????ste? sta 208 e?at. e??? ap? ta 287 e?at. t? 2012.
S?µa?t??? p???µa ??a t?? t????sµ?
?a???? p???µa st? «t????st??? p?????» t?? ???a? ?a ?ataf????? ta p??????µe?a µ?t?a st?? ?µµes? f???????a. ???? p????ße? ? ???d?? ?a ap????f?se? t??? t???µ??? ap? t?? e?t??e?s? t?? F?? st?? est?as? (s.s. ? s??te?est?? ap? t? 13% p??e st? 23%), t? µet?ta?? t?? ?e??d??e?a??? ?p??es??? ap? t? 6,5% st? 13% a??? ?a? t?? ?at????s? t?? e?d???? ?a?est?t?? sta ??s??, est?as? ?a? ?e??d??e?a ?a ß?e???? a?t?µ?t?pa µe ??a µ?t?a.
?? se????? ??a t?? ep?ß??? e?d???? t????? a?? d?a???t??e?s? p?a?t??? s?µa??e? ?t? ? s??te?est?? t?? F?? ap? t? 13% p?? e??a? s?µe?a µp??e? ?a a?eße? ?a? p??? ap? t? 15%. Se µ?a d?a???t??e?s? se ?e??d??e?? 4 ast???? t?? 100 e???, ? te???? ep?ß????s? ap? 113 e??? p?? e??a? s?µe?a ?a ft?se? sta 117 e???, µe t?? te???? f????????? s??te?est? ?a d?aµ??f??eta? st? 17%, t?? 5? ?????te?? st?? ????p?.
?? e?p??s?p?? t?? t????st???? ???d?? a?t?d???? ??t??a st?? p??a?? a???s? t?? f?????????? ßa???. ?p?? ???e, ? p???t??? t?? ?pe?f???????s?? ?a ?ata???e? se µp??µe?a??? ??a ta ??at??? taµe?a, ?a??? ?? µ???? p?? e??????ta? e??a? ?? ?e?t?????? a?ta????st???? p?????sµ??.
?s? ??a ta est?at???a, ???d??e???? ap? t? ??a a???s? t?? ßas???? s??te?est? F?? ap? t? 23% p?? e??a? s?µe?a st? 24%. ? ????da d?a??te? ?d? t?? 3? ßa??te?a f???????µ??? ?p??es?a est?as?? st?? ????p?, p?s? µ??? ap? t?? ????a??a ?a? t? ?a??a. ?e t?? a???s? t?? F??, ap??? ?a ?at??????e? ? 3? ??s? (s.s. p??? t? pa??? t? µ???a??µaste µe t??? ???t???????).
???ta???t??a se f?????????? ep?ßa???se?? ? ????da
?????? ???e? ep?ß?????? ??a t??? d????? t??? e??????? ?????? ??????? f??????????? s??te?est?? p?te st? ??a p????? ?a? p?te st? ????. ? ????da, ?p?? p????pte? ?a? ap? ta s?????t??? st???e?a p?? pa???s?????ta?, ??e? t? p????µ?? ?a ep?ß???e? ap? t??? ßa??te???? s??te?est?? se… ??a ta p?????ta ?a? st?? ?p??es?e?, t??? ?p????? µ???sta s??pe?e? ?a a???se? ??a a??µ? µ?a f???. ?e t?? 4? ?????te?? ßas??? s??te?est? F??, µe t?? 3? ßa??te?? f???????µ??? aµ???ßd?, µe t? 2? a???ß?te?? (ap? f?????????? ?p????) ????t? a??? ?a? t?? 5? ?????te?? f???????a sta ts????a, f?????????µe st?? p??te? ??ste? se ????? t??? ep?µ????? p??a?e?. ?p? t? f????????? ?a??apa de? ??e? ???t?se? ??te t? t????st??? p?????, ?a??? t?s? ? est?as? ?s? ?a? ?? ?e??d??e?a??? ?p??es?e? ß??s???ta? st?? p??t? 5?da µe t??? ?????te???? f??????????? s??te?est??.
?????? s??te?est??
?f?s?? ???p????e? ? p??tas? ??a a???s? t?? F?? ap? t? 23% st? 24%, ? ????da ?a e??ata?e??e? t? 4? ??s? µe t?? ?????te?? F?? st?? ????p? t?? 28 ?a? ?a a?a??????e? st?? 3? ??s? p?s? µ??? ap? t?? ????a??a (27%) a??? ?a? t?? ?a??a, S???d?a, ???at?a, p?? efa?µ????? s??te?est? 25%. ?? F???a?d?? e??a? ?? µ???? p?? ????? F?? 24%.
?a? µ?a µ???? a???s? st?? e?d??? f??? ?ata????s?? –ded?µ???? µ???sta ?t? ep? t?? e?d???? f???? ?a ep?ß???e? ?a? ??a? a???µ???? ?at? µ?a µ???da s??te?est?? F??– ?a e??a? a??et? ?ste ?a ste??e? t?? ????da st?? ????f? t?? ??sta? µe t? ßa??te?a f???????µ??? aµ???ßd? st?? ????p?. ??t? t? st??µ? ? ????da ß??s?eta? st?? t??t? ??s? t?? s?et???? ?at?ta???. S?µf??a µe t??? ?p?????sµ??? t?? ????pa???? ?p?t??p??, se ??a ??t?? ße?????? t? 71% ?ata???e? st? ???t?? e?te µ?s? t?? e?d???? f???? ?ata????s?? (s.s. s?µe?a e??a? 67 ?ept? t?? e??? µe p???pt??? pe?a?t??? a???s?? sta 70 ?ept?) e?te µ?s? t?? F??. ?e?a??te?? f????????? s??te?est? ep?ß???e? µ???? ? ??eta??a ?a? ? ???a?d?a. St? pet???a?? ????s??, ?? s?????e? e??a? ?a??te?e? st?? ????da, ?a??? ? f?????????? s??te?est?? a????eta? st? 53% ?a? e??a? ?aµ???te??? ap? t?? µ?s? ??? t?? ?.?. (63%). ?e e?a??es? t? ????eµß?????, de? ?p???e? ?aµ?a ???? ???a µe t?s? ?aµ??? f????????? s??te?est? st?? ?.?. St? pet???a?? ???µa?s??, ? ????da ß??s?eta? st? 10? ??s?, µe t?? ?????te?? t?µ? ??a????? (pe??p?? 75 ?ept? a?? ??t?? a?t? t?? pe???d?). ???et?? ???e?, µeta?? t?? ?p???? ? ?????a??a, ? ?a??a, ? ????a??a, ? ?ta??a, ? ???ta, ? ???a?d?a, ? ???t??a??a, ? ???µa??a ?a? ? S???d?a, p????? a???ß?te?a t? pet???a?? ???µa?s??.
? f???? –e?d???? f???? ?ata????s?? ?a? F??– a????eta? st? 83,2% st?? ????da µe ta ded?µ??a t?? 1/1/2016, ????? d??ad? ?a ?aµß????ta? ?p??? ?? ?p??e? a???se?? ??e? sta s??d?? t?? ? ??ß????s?. St? s????? t?? ?????-µe??? t?? ?.?. ?????te???? s??te?est?? ep?ß?????? µ???? ? ???a?d?a (86,51%), ? F???a?d?a (85,07%), ? ?????a??a (84,2%) ?a? ? ??eta??a (84,1%). ?a st???e?a t?? eta??e??? t?? ???d?? de?????? ?t? ?? ?????? s??te?est?? ????? ste??e? t? ?a??eµp???? st? 20,6% t?? s???????? a?????, µe t?? ap??e?e? ??at???? es?d?? ?a ?epe????? ta 650 e?at. e??? et?s???.
??p?? ß???
?e µ???? ap?stas? ap? t?? ????da, ? ????a??a ?ata?aµß??e? t?? 1? ??s? (p??? t? pa???) µe s??te?est? f???????s?? 41,6%. ?a? µ?a µ???? a???s?, ?p?? a?t? p?? p????aµµat??eta?, ?a f??e? t?? ????da st?? p??t? ??s? µe t? ßa??te?? f???????a st?? ????t? t??ef???a. ????e? ?a s?µe???e? ?t? ? 3? ???a st? s?et??? ?at?ta?? –t? µ???????ta? S???d?a, ?a??a ?a? ???at?a– ? f???? e??a? 25% (??s?ast??? µ??? ? F??). ? ep?ß????s? sta ????t? ?a e??a? d?p?? a?, e?t?? ap? t?? e?d??? f???, a????e? ?a? ? F?? (s.s. t? e?d??? t???? st?? ????da ep?ßa???eta? ?a? µe F??).
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